/ IT Management / IT Strategy

Strategic IT Management

      1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
         1.1 Strategic Management of IT Landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 NavigatingThisBook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Who Should Read This Book? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Scope of This Book, Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
      2 Strategic Planning of IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
         2.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Roleof ITintheOrganisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 StrategicPositioning of IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
         2.4 StrategicObjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
         2.5 ITStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
      3 Enterprise Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
         3.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.2 EnterpriseArchitectureFrameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.3 Best-PracticeEnterpriseArchitecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
         3.4 Business Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
         3.5 Views of theEnterpriseArchitecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
3.6 Guidelines for Personalisation of Best-Practice Enterprise Architecture inPractice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
      4 IT Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
         4.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.2 Objectives and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
4.3 Constituents of IT Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
         4.5 Establish Organisational Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
         4.6 Guidelines for Personalisation of IT Landscape Management in Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
      5 Technical Standardisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
         5.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
         5.2 Objectives of Technical Standardisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
         5.3 Elements of a Standardisation Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
         5.4 Technical Standardisation Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
         5.5 Organisational Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
      6 EAM Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
         6.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
         6.2 ITOrganisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
         6.3 StrategicControlToolkits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.1 Strategic Management of IT Landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 NavigatingThisBook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Who Should Read This Book? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Scope of This Book, Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2 Strategic Planning of IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Roleof ITintheOrganisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 StrategicPositioning of IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

2.4 StrategicObjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

2.4.1 Deriving ITGoals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4.2 Principles for Strategic Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.4.3 Strategies to Underpin Goal Achievement . . . . . . . . . 31

2.5 ITStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

2.5.1 Content of anITStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.5.2 IT Strategy Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2.5.3 Guidelines for ITStrategy inPractice . . . . . . . . . . . 47

3 Enterprise Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

3.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.2 EnterpriseArchitectureFrameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.3 Best-PracticeEnterpriseArchitecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

3.3.1 Information Timeliness and Granularity . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.3.2 Constituents of Best-Practice Enterprise Architecture . . . 70
3.3.3 Landscape Planning Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

3.4 Business Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

3.5 Views of theEnterpriseArchitecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
3.6 Guidelines for Personalisation of Best-Practice Enterprise Architecture inPractice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

4 IT Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

4.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.2 Objectives and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
4.3 Constituents of IT Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

4.3.1 Elements of Application Landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
4.3.2 Relationships in Application Landscapes . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.4 IT Landscape Management Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
4.4.1 Documenting the IT Landscape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
4.4.2 Analysing the IT Landscape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
4.4.3 IT Landscape Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
4.4.4 Governing the Further Development of the IT Landscape . 185

4.5 Establish Organisational Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

4.5.1 Roles and Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
4.5.2 Integration into Processes of IT and Decision Making . . . 190
4.5.3 Maturity Level of IT Landscape Management . . . . . . . 194

4.6 Guidelines for Personalisation of IT Landscape Management in Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

4.6.1 Conception of IT Landscape Management . . . . . . . . . 208
4.6.2 Sampling andOptimising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
4.6.3 Anchoring IT Landscape Management in the Organisation 215

5 Technical Standardisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

5.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

5.2 Objectives of Technical Standardisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

5.3 Elements of a Standardisation Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

5.3.1 ArchitecturalDomains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
5.3.2 Technical Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

5.4 Technical Standardisation Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

5.4.1 Maintaining, Providing and Communicating the Blueprint . 234
5.4.2 IT Innovation Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
5.4.3 Strategic Evolution of Technical Standards . . . . . . . . . 238
5.4.4 Enacting Standardisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
5.4.5 Directing Compliance with Technical Standards . . . . . . 242

5.5 Organisational Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

5.5.1 Roles and Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
5.5.2 Entities, Boards and Integration into Processes in IT andDecision-Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
5.5.3 Maturity of IT in Terms of Technical Standardisation . . . 246
5.6 Guidelines for Technical Standardisation in Practice . . . . . . . . 252

6 EAM Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

6.1 Scope and Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

6.2 ITOrganisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

6.2.1 Collaboration Model Between Business and IT . . . . . . 264
6.2.2 FormofOrganisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
6.2.3 DecisionBoards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
6.2.4 Changing the IT Organisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

6.3 StrategicControlToolkits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

6.3.1 Control Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
6.3.2 Decision-Making Groups and Their Information Needs . . 303

Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337